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Side Jet Control

Department of High Speed Configurations

Wall streamlines on the body for the case of 4 jets mounted side-by-side as gained from oil flow visualisation. The jets issued from the 4 nozzles appearing in white, flow from left to right with Ma=5.0
Wall streamlines on the body for the case of 4 side jets mounted side-by-side as gained from numerical calculations with the DLR-TAU-code. The jets issued from the 4 nozzles appearing in black, flow from let to right with Ma=5.0
An effective method for the control of missiles is the side jet control, which is also applied in similar manner on satellites in space. This is achieved by issuing a jet perpendicularly to the flow direction, which provides a moment to change the flight direction. This method is especially advantageous in situations of low density (high altitudes) or low velocities (starting phase) where conventional control surfaces become ineffective due to low dynamics pressures. Also its very quick reaction time within milliseconds allows carrying out arbitrary flight manoeuvres.

The disadvantage is that the interaction between the jet, flow, and the boundary layer developing on the fuselage of the body is so complex that the prediction of the resulting forces becomes difficult. According to the configuration of the jet, its position on the missile, or the jet pressure ratio, an amplification of the jet is possible as well as a diminution

In the frame of the DLR-internal project of the “High agile Missle” (HaFK) a study was carried out that encompassed an extensive set of measurements in the Ludwieg Tube (RWG) of the DLR on a principle model as well as numerical calculations with the DLR-TAU-code. The latter were conducted on chosen cases for comparison purposes and for the validation of the applied code. For this purpose, the same initial and boundary conditions were chosen. Initially, a flat plate was used and a sonic nozzle mounted centred on the plate and exposed to a Mach 5 flow. With this setup it was possible to simulate different jet configurations and their different effects. Surface pressure measurements and flow visualisations with oil flow method gave insights about the effect in the vicinity of the interaction area. The usage of infrared cameras and the according analysis allowed the determination of the heat flux, which strongly varies in the interaction areas and results in strong temperature loads on material and structure. This study enabled a systematic investigation of the side jet control with regard to different jet configurations and their effectiveness.

Publications

  • Kovar, A, Schülein, E, 2006: "Comparison of Experimental and Numerical Investigations on Side Jets in Supersonic Cross-Flow", in: The Aeronautical Journal, Vol. 110, No. 1108, Royal Aeronautical Society, London
  • Kovar, A, Schülein, E, 2006: "Study of Supersonic Flow Separation Induced by a Side Jet and its Control", in: Notes on numerical fluid mechanics and multidisciplinary design Vol. 92 / New Results in Numerical and Experimental Fluid Mechanics V, Springer-Verlag, Contributions to the 14th STAB/DGLR Symposium in Bremen, Germany 2004
  • Kovar, A, Schülein, E, 2006: Effect of Side Jets in a Supersonic Cross Flow Measured and Calculated on a Flat Plate and a Generic Missile Configuration, in: Innovative Missile Systems (pp 37-1 – 37-14) Meeting Proceedings RTO-MP-AVT 135, paper 37, Neuilly-Sur-Seine, France. Available from http://www.rto.nato.int/abstracts.asp

Contact
Dr.rer.nat. Erich Schülein
German Aerospace Center

Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology
, High Speed Configurations
Göttingen

Tel.: +49 551 709-2803

Fax: +49 551 709-2811

Related Articles
Department High Speed Configurations (HK)
High Agile Missile (HaFK) 2001-2005
Related Topics
Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics
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