Python is an accepted high-level scripting language with a growing community in academia and industry. It is used in a lot of scientific applications in many different scientific fields and in more and more industries, for example, in engineering or life science). In all fields, the use of Python for high-performance and parallel computing is increasing. Several organizations and companies are providing tools or support for Python development. This includes libraries for scientific computing, parallel computing, and MPI. Python is also used on many core architectures and GPUs, for which specific Python interpreters are being developed. A related topic is the performance of the various interpreter and compiler implementations for Python.