Download Data Sets - Satellite Navigation Multipath Channel Models
Download Satellite-to-Indoor Channel Simulator (Matlab M-Files)
In indoor environments the accuracy of positioning by global navigation satellite systems suffers significantly from signal blockage, reflection and diffraction. To develop advanced receiver position algorithms working in harsh propagation environments, accurate channel simulators are necessary. Therefore, DLR investigated the satellite-to-indoor propagation channel in its very detail by a measurement campaign in 2008. As an outcome, we proposed a novel and accurate wideband satellite-to-indoor channel model. Compared to the state of the art, the proposed channel model is able to reproduce the spatial characteristics of the wideband propagation channel for a moving receiver. The model is based on a hybrid approach combining physical-deterministic and stochastic methods: (a) waves diffracted and transmitted by walls, windows and doors are considered by using physical-deterministic near field methods, (b) in order to model multipath components occurring due to reflections on walls, a hybrid approach is used, (c) the behavior of scattered waves is stochastically modeled. The proposed channel model accurately models satellite-to-indoor propagation effects, and, thus, can be used for testing and validating range estimation algorithms for positioning.
Further information in readme.txt
Terms of a Licence: GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2
Copyright © 2005
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V.
German Aerospace Centre
Publications see below
Land Mobile Multipath Channel Model V3.0
Standardized in ITU-R P.681-7 (10/09) "Propagation data required for the design of Earth-space land mobile telecommunication systems"
In autumn 2002 the German Aerospace Center (DLR) carried out a high resolution measurement campaign to investigate the land mobile satellite navigation multipath channel. High bandwidth navigation systems like GALILEO are strongly disturbed by reflections from structures close to the receiver. To model these effects a very high time resolution is required. Especially for the BOC (Binary Offset Carrier) signal structures the delays of echoes have to be known in ns accuracy. Approaches of the past to describe the multipath effects have resolutions of 50 ns, which is not satisfying for high precision positioning. For the measurements a Zeppelin simulated the satellite transmitting a signal down to a measurement van equipped with the receiver and various sensors. During the campaign more than 60 measurements, each lasting for about 15 minutes, were taken in several urban, suburban and rural scenarios for car and pedestrian applications.
One critical scenario for navigation applications is the urban environment with the often shadowed or blocked direct path signal and many reflecting objects. Measurements took place in the centre of Munich, Germany. From this data a novel model was derived taking deterministic effects and statistical distrubtions from the measurement into account. Using the same model structure, suburban environments can be simulated by using appropriate scenery parameters and the statistics gained from the measurements in Fürstenfeldbruck, a small town near Munich.
A Matlab implementation of this model for non-commercial research and scientific purposes is available here soon.
To cite this channel model you can use:
@misc{ https ://doi.org/10.26090/hdnk ,
doi = {10.26090/HDNK} ,
url = { https ://www.KN−S . dlr .de /COS−LMS} ,
author = { { Steingass Alexander } and { Lehner Andreas }} ,
title = { Software model for satellite to land mobile multipath propagation .} ,
publisher = {German Aerospace Center (DLR )} ,
year = {2019}
}
Aeronautical Multipath Channel Model
Standardized in ITU-R P.682-2 (02/07) "Propagation data required for the design of Earth-space aeronautical mobile telecommunication systems"
Along with the development of GALILEO it became necessary to improve the knowledge about the aeronautical channel. Power, delay and bandwidth of reflections at aircraft structures are not modelled accurate enough for the new GNSS signal structures. For that reason the European Space Agency ESA commissioned a contract about a measurement campaign in 2002 to a research consortium: JOANNEUM RESEARCH - Austria, UNIVERSITY OF VIGO - Spain and the German Aerospace Center DLR. Only reflections which arrive shorter than the chip duration mainly contribute to the positioning error of a navigation receiver. This nature of the system made it necessary to measure the channel with an extremely high bandwidth of 100 MHz, which results in a time resolution of 20 ns, enhanced down to 1 ns by using a super-resolution algorithm. The most critical scenario for aeronautical applications is the "final approach", the last 3 minutes prior to landing. From the measurements we derived a model for this situation. Reflections at the aircraft structure and ground reflections are modelled for two different jet planes, a VFW 614 and an Airbus A-340. Measurements took place at Thalerhof airport in Graz, Austria.
If you want to cite this model you can use:
@misc{https://doi.org/10.26090/fukd,
doi = {10.26090/FUKD},
url = {https://www.KN-S.dlr.de/DOI-fukd},
author = {{Steingass Alexander} and {Lehner Andreas}},
title = {Aeronautical Multipath Channel Model Software},
publisher = {German Aerospace Center (DLR)},
year = {2019}
}
Modelling Distance Measurement Equipment (DME) signals interfering an airborne GNSS receiver
This Software simulates an end-to-end model to generate Distance Measurement Equipment (DME) signals as an interference source to airborne Global Satellite Navigation Systems (GNSS).
Both satellite navigation systems, the Global Positioning System (GPS) and GALILEO, use the lower L-band 1 for wideband navigation services and are sharing the same frequency band with DME. Any GNSS Receiver operating in the mentioned bands will receive DME signals and will have to deal with them as interference. This publication describes a model to rebuild the measured DME signals at the receiver input to allow simulations of the interference effect. Prior to this work we only found models based on propagation estimation. Nomodel existed which is based on real world measurements of DME signals. Thus, the German Aerospace Center (DLR) has carried out a Flight measurement campaign at the European DME hotspot near Frankfurt (Main), Germany. From the data of the measurement campaign we have developed the new model. This measurement based model is much more accurate than the existing models since it accounts for the propagation and the DME transmission and the GNSS receiver antenna effects. We provide this model to the community to allow a more realistic forecast of the DME-GNSS interference situation.
If you want to cite this software
@misc{https://doi.org/10.26090/htvs,
doi = {10.26090/HTVS},
url = {https://www.KN-S.dlr.de/DOI-htvs},
author = {{Steingass Alexander}},
title = {Software modelling Distance Measurement Equipment (DME) signals interfering an airborne GNSS receiver},
publisher = {German Aerospace Center (DLR)},
year = {2019}
}
Publications Satellite-to-Indoor Channel Model V4.0
The following publications describe the modeling approach for the satellite-to-indoor propagation channel:
ITU P.681-10
Propagation data required for the design of Earth-space land mobile telecommunication systems
Dec. 2017
ITU Report P.2145-2,
Model parameters for the physical-statistical wideband models in Recommendation ITU-R P.681
September 2017
T. Jost,
Satellite-to-Indoor Wave Propagation for Positioning Applications
ser. Kommunikationstechnik. Verlag Dr. Hut, 2014, PhD dissertation University of Vigo
T. Jost, W. Wang, U.-C. Fiebig, and F. Pérez-Fontán
A Wideband Satellite-to-Indoor Channel Model for Navigation Applications
IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 62, no. 10, pp. 5307-5320, Oct. 2014 [ELIB]
T. Jost, G. Carrié, F. Pérez-Fontán, W. Wang, and U.-C. Fiebig
A Deterministic Satellite-to-Indoor Entry Loss Model [ELIB]
IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 2223-2230, Apr. 2013
The further publications describe the measurement campaign and the data analysis:
T. Jost, W. Wang, U.-C. Fiebig, and F. Pérez-Fontán
Detection and Tracking of Mobile Propagation Channel Paths
IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 60, no. 10, pp. 4875-4883, Oct. 2012 [ELIB]
W. Wang and T. Jost
A Low-Cost Platform for Time-Variant Wireless Channel Measurements With Application to Positioning
IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 1597-1604, June 2012 [ELIB]
T. Jost, W. Wang, U.-C. Fiebig, and F. Pérez-Fontán
Movement of Equivalent Scatterers in Geometry-Based Stochastic Channel Models
IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 11, pp. 555-558, May 2012 [ELIB]
T. Jost, W. Wang, U.-C. Fiebig, and F. Pérez-Fontán
Comparison of L- and C-Band Satellite-to-Indoor Broadband Wave Propagation for Navigation Applications
IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 59, no. 10, pp. 3899-3909, Oct. 2011 [ELIB]
Publications Land Mobile Multipath Channel Model V3.0
The following publications describe the measurement campaign, the data analysis and the modeling of the land mobile channel:
Steingaß, A., Lehner, A.
Measuring GALILEO´s Multipath Channel
European Navigation Conference ENC-GNSS 2003, Graz, Austria, April 22-25, 2003.
Steingaß, A., Lehner, A.
Measurement of the Navigation Multipath Channel - A Statistical Analysis
Institute of Navigation Conference ION GNSS 2004, Long Beach, USA, September 21-24, 2004.
Lehner, A., Steingaß, A.
A Novel channel model for land mobile satellite navigation
Institute of Navigation Conference ION GNSS 2005, Long Beach, USA, September 13-16, 2005.
Lehner, A., Steingaß, A., Schubert, F.
A Location and Movement Dependent GNSS Multipath Error Model for Pedestrian Applications
ATTI Journal dell'Istituto Italiano di Navigazione (189), pp. 108-119, ISSN 1120-6977, Italien Institute of Navigation I.I.N., Rome, Italy, 2009.
Publications Aeronautical Multipath Channel Model
The following publication describes the measurement campaign, the data analysis and the modeling of the aeronautical channel:
Steingass, A.; Lehner, A.; Pérez-Fontán, F.; Kubista, E. und Arbesser-Rastburg, B.
Characterization of the aeronautical satellite navigation channel through high-resolution measurement and physical optics simulation
International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking (26), Seiten 1-30. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Steingass, A.; Lehner, A.; Pérez-Fontán, F.; Kubista, E.; M.J., M. and Arbesser-Rastburg, B.
A High Resolution Model for the Aeronautical channel
Proceedings of the PLANS 2004. Position Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS 2004), Coronado, CA, April 24-27, 2004, Coronado, CA, 2004.
Steingass, A.; Lehner, A.; Pérez-Fontán, F.; Kubista, E.; M.J. M. and Arbesser-Rastburg, B.
The High Resolution Aeronautical Multipath Navigation Channel
ION NTM 2004, San Diego, USA, January 26-28, 2004.
Hornbostel, A. und Steingass, A.; Crisci, C. und Prieto-Cerdeira, R. und Zanier, F. und Garcia-Molina, J.
GNSS Receiver Performance Assessment with a Realistic Aeronautical Channel Model.
NAVITEC 2010, Nordwijk, Holland, 2010.
Publications Modelling Distance Measurement Equipment (DME) signals interfering an airborne GNSS receiver
The following publications describe the measurement campaign, result and the final model:
Steingass, A.; Thanawat, Th. und Samson, J.
Modelling Distance Measurement Equipment (DME) signals interfering an airborne GNSS receiver.
Navigation, Journal of the Institute of Navigation, 65 (2). Wiley. DOI: 10.1002/navi.230 ISSN 0028-1522, (2018)
Steingass, A.
Analysis of DME/TACAN Interference on Satellite Navigation in the Lower L-Band.
ION GNSS 2013, Nashville TS,USA, (2013)
Steingass, A.; Hornbostel, A. und Denks, H.
Airborne measurements of DME interferers at the European hotspot.
EUCAP 2010, Barcelona, (2010)
Denks, H.; Steingaß, A.; Hornbostel, A. und Chopard, Vincent
GNSS Receiver Testing by Hardware Simulation with Measured Interference Data from Flight Trials.
In: Proceedings. ION GNSS 2009, 22.-25. Sep. 2009, Savanna, Georgia, USA, (2009)
Steingass, A.; Hornbostel, A. und Denks, H.
Airborne measurements of DME interferers at the European hotspot.
ION 2009, Savannah, Ga, USA, (2009)
Steingass, A.; Hornbostel, A. und Denks, Holmer
Airborne measurements of DME interferers at the European hotspot.
In: ENC GNSS 2009. ENC GNSS 2009, Neapel, (2009)