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TORO

The humanoid walking robot TORO (TOrque-controlled humanoid RObot) is a research platform for scientific topics dealing with bipedal movement and dynamics. This includes things such as robust walking, climbing stairs and multi-contact scenarios.
In 2013 TORO was presented to the public for the first time.

Technical Data

Size: Adult human (1.74m)
Weight: 76kg
Degrees of freedom: 39 (legs: 2 × 6, arms: 2 × 6, hands: 2 × 6, torso: 1, neck: 1)
Nominal Payload: 10kg
Energy supply: Battery with >60 min operating time
Speed: 0.5m/s or 1.8km/h
Working space: Comparable to that of humans
Features: • Torque sensors in almost all joints
• 2 balance sensors (IMU)
• 2 force-torque sensors in the feet
• 2 stereo cameras, 1 RGB-D camera

System description

The humanoid robot TORO is being used to research the basic problem of equilibrium. Algorithms for robust walking and balancing as well as for multi-contact controls are being developed. TORO, like its big brother Rollin’ Justin, is based on lightweight robotic technology. In almost all of its joints, TORO can actively control torques so that the stiff robot can be artificially flexible depending on the active controller. Unlike position-controlled robots, this flexibility promises a greater degree of safety when interacting with people, as well as greater robustness in contact with the environment.

TORO offers the possibility to compare position- and torque-based control concepts. It compares impedance-based, inverse-dynamic control concepts in the field of whole-body control.

Toro – Photo Gallery

LRU and Toro at the ILA in 2014

The Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics presented the LRU rover and the walking robot TORO at the 2014 ILA. 

Credit: DLR (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0).

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LRU and Toro at the ILA in 2014

Human-like, sensitive robot

The shape of TORO was modeled on that of humans. Torque sensors in almost all joints allow the system to feel, for example, collisions or interaction forces with its surroundings and to respond accordingly safely and flexibly. 

Credit: DLR (CC-BY 3.0).

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Human%2dlike, sensitive robot

Visit to the Bavarian government

TORO at the cabinet meeting of the Bavarian state government in St. Quirin with Horst Seehofer and Ilse Aigner 

Credit: DLR (CC-BY 3.0).

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Visit to the Bavarian government

Humanoid robot TORO

The humanoid walking robot TORO is equipped with torque sensors in the joints, making it able to interact sensitively with its environment. 

Credit: DLR (CC-BY 3.0).

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Humanoid robot TORO

Toro’s developmental phases

Development phases of Toro 

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Toro’s developmental phases

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Publications

  • Bernd Henze, Alexander Dietrich, Máximo A. Roa, and Christian Ott: “Multi-Contact Balancing of Humanoid Robots in Confined Spaces: Utilizing Knee Contacts”, IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), pp. 679–704, 2017. [elib]
  • Bernd Henze, Alexander Dietrich, Christian Ott: "An Approach to Combine Balancing with Hierarchical Whole-Body Control for Legged Humanoid Robots”, IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L), vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 700–707, 2016. [elib]
  • Bernd Henze, Máximo A. Roa, Christian Ott: "Passivity-Based Whole-Body Balancing for Torque-Controlled Humanoid Robots in Multi-Contact Scenarios”, The International Journal of Robotic Research, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 1522–1543, 2016. [elib]
  • Englsberger et al., "Overview of the torque-controlled humanoid robot TORO", in Proc. of the 2014 IEEE/RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots (HUMANOIDS), Madrid, Spain, pp. 916-923, November 2014. [elib]

 

 

 

Contact
Dr.-Ing. Christian Ott
Head of Department

German Aerospace Center

Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics
, Analysis and Control of advanced robotic systems
Oberpfaffenhofen-Weßling

Tel.: +49 8153 28-3464

Fax: +49 8153 28-1134

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