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Project Archive

3InSat

Over the past decade GPS satellite technologies have been widely tested in Europe to be used for the train localization. Combined with satellite communications and terrestrial communication techniques, an economical train control system solution can be realized. Within the scope of this project, a new satellite-based system as an evolution of the ERTMS-ETCS platform for automatic train control and management will be developed and validated. With such a train control system, the overall system cost can be significantly reduced.

A++Set

Leading principle during navigation of vessels is the avoidance of collision and groundings to protect life, goods, and the maritime living space. However, a virtually unchanged number of ships’ accident has been observed during the last decade. Statistical analyses show that more than 50% of ship collisions have navigational causes, whereby 65% of whom has been induced by human factor. Main reasons in this context are insufficient situation monitoring (28%), misleading evaluation of ships’ motion (17%) as well as fatigue and overstressing of nautical staff (13%). The risk on incorrect decisions and therewith the risk on accidents can be reduced by application of automated assistance functions supporting the seafarer in situation monitoring, evaluation, and decision finding.

4MORE

4MORE focuses on developing and evaluating the system concept for the 4th generation (beyond-3G/4G) of mobile radio systems based on the potentials of OFDM (MC-CDMA). This includes additionally MTMR transmissions and different cross-layer design (L1 and L2). The system concept is implemented in an already nowadays realistic and mobile hardware-demonstrator based on a self-developed system-on-chip.

ABSOLUTE

Recent events have shown that in the aftermath of an emergency, disaster or any related tremendous unexpected events, a reliable communication infrastructure plays an important role in providing critical services including emergency recovery operations, critical infrastructure restoration, post-disaster surveillance etc. In most of the cases, immediately after a large scale disaster, the normal terrestrial network infrastructure is seriously compromised and cannot guarantee reliable and large scale coverage for rescue teams and citizens. Current mission critical communication systems including PPDR (Public Protection for Disaster Relief) systems are heavily limited in terms of network capacity and coverage. They are not designed for or suitable to address large scale emergency communication deployments immediately after the disaster scenarios where these networks can provide dependable and resilient network connectivity at higher data rates over large coverage areas. Moreover, PPDR systems are limited by interoperability barriers and the technological gap with commercial technologies and evolving standards.

	ACE - Antenna Centre of Excellence Das ACE beabsichtigt, die zersplitterte europäische Forschungs- und Entwicklungslandschaft auf dem Gebiet der Antennen zu strukturieren, Doppelarbeiten zu reduzieren, sowie Kompetenzen und Wettbewerbsfähigkeit in den Schlüsselbereichen auszubauen.
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	ACM The main objective of this ESA funded project is to develop a demonstrator for testing of adaptive coding and modulation (ACM) techniques for broadband satellite communications based on the DVB-S2 specification for the forward link, and the DVB-RCS specification including necessary modifications for the return link.
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	Advanced DVB-RCS The Project „advanced DVB-RCS“ is aiming at the development of a testbed of an advanced DVB-RCS modem with new coding for forward error correction and with adaptive coding and modulation in the reverse channel. DLR develops and implements the resource management algorithms for DVB-RCS (MAC-Layer) and the algorithms for the encapsulation of the IP datagrams.
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ADVANSYS

Design of ADvanced ANtenna and Multi-Sensor HYbrid Receiver for Machine Control in HarSh Environments. Nowadays machine control applications such as precision agriculture, construction (land and offshore), and open mining, increasingly rely on global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). In all these applications, GNSS is the preferred technology thanks to its global availability and easiness to deploy and operate.

Aeronautical Satellite Communications Channel Characteristics

The wireless signal propagation characteristics from a satellite based transmitter to an airborne receiver are of special interest for air traffic management as well as for passenger communications. Especially applications incorporating safety-of-life features require not only an average reliability of the transmission link but rather a high availability and have stringent requirements on the continuity-of-service. In order to test and validate new developed receiver algorithms, software based implementations are used which allow a faster time to market. Therefore, channel models designed to simulate propagation characteristics of the satellite-to-aircraft channel need to address all aspects of propagation impairments.

AFFECTS - Advanced forecast for ensuring communications through space

Schwere Weltraumwettereinflüsse können die Leistungsfähigkeit unserer technischen Infrastruktur signifikant beeinträchtigen. Funktionseinschränkungen oder katastrophale Ausfälle von Telekommunikations- und Navigationssystemen können zu erheblichen wirtschaftlichen Verlusten, Sicherheitsrisiken sowie zu einer deutlichen Einschränkung der Lebensqualität führen. Im Rahmen des FP7 Projektes AFFECTS wurde ein Vorhersagesystem entwickelt, welches ermöglicht durch Vorhersagen von Störungen in der Ionosphäre Nutzer im Bereich der Navigation und Kommunikation rechtzeitig über potentielle Störungen ihrer Systeme zu informieren. Das Projekt AFFECTS stärkte mit der Entwicklung von neuen Vorhersage-techniken und -modellen die Leistungsfähigkeit des Ionosphärenwetterdienstes Space Weather Application Center (SWACI) am DLR Neustrelitz. Die in SWACI begonnenen und zu einer gewissen Reife geführten Arbeiten wurden dank der Unterstützung des Technologie Marketings des DLR zu dem Ionosphere Monitoring und Prediction Center (IMPC) weiterentwickelt, welches einen weltweit einmaligen Ionosphärenwetterdienst für eine breite Nutzerklientel bereitstellt.

AGIM - concept for an Advanced Global Ionospheric Monitoring System

Being aware of possible severe ionospheric impact on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) applications, ESA has released a call entitled “GNSS Contribution to Next Generation Global Ionospheric Monitoring” in November 2008. Main task of the project is the elaboration of a concept for an Advanced Global Ionospheric Monitoring System (AGIM).

ALEGRO Development and setup of a carrier-phase-based local augmentation system for high-precision, reliable localisation and navigation with GPS/GALILEO at the Port of Rostock
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Alert 4 All (A4A)

Alert4All (A4A) has been an European funded project under the programme call FP7-SEC-2010-1, started in March 2011 and run until December 2013. The project was coordinated by DLR and implemented by an European consortium composed of 11 partners. The main objective of Alert4All was to improve the effectiveness of one element of the People-Centred Early Warning Systems paradigm, namely alert and communication towards the population in crises management. This improvement was measurable in terms of cost-benefit ratio, number of affected citizens timely reached by alerts, trust of citizens on alerts and intended vs. actual impact of alert strategies.

ANASTASIA - increased autonomous aircraft operation

The expected performances of Space Based Technologies such as Satellite Communications (Satcom) and Satellite navigation (renewed GPS, Galileo) beyond 2010 offer the prospect of increased autonomous aircraft operation that will improve the operational capacity and safety of the air transport system with regard to the “Single European Sky” initiative.

	ANTARES - AeroNauTicAl Resources Satellite based The ESA project ANTARES (AeroNauTicAl Resources Satellite based) is the second phase (B) of the ESA Iris programme (in the framework of ARTES 10). Within this study a new satellite communication standard for Air Traffic Management is being defined, together with the design and definition of the entire system architecture.
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	ARGOS - Verkehrsbeobachtung bei Katastrophen und Großereignissen Im Projekt ARGOS wird ein System zur Verkehrsbeobachtung bei Katastrophen und Großereignissen entwickelt. Eine der großen Neuerungen dieses Projektes ist die Echtzeitfähigkeit der Sensordatenübertragung und Auswertung.
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ARIEL – Air Traffic Resilience

Civil aviation is an important asset of today’s mobile society and belongs to the critical infrastructures. Thus, the protection of civil aviation is of high importance to society. In aviation, economic pressure requests cost reductions and improved efficiency in handling aircraft. As a consequence, the infrastructure and technical systems become more and more interconnected to save costs through re-use of resources and exploitation of synergies. Besides these desired effects, the interconnection of formerly separate technical systems generates new risks. These risks are especially caused by threats from cyberspace. Main goal of the project ARIEL is to perform a holistic risk analysis and evaluation of critical infrastructures in aviation, since these might become the target of sophisticated cyberattacks to create new threats to public safety and security.

	ArtemEx: Artemis Experiment for Optical Feeder Links ArtemEx is an ESA project (Artes 5.2) involving Cassidian Optronics and DLR to verify an advanced transmission concept for ground-to-space optical links.
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ASMS
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	ATENAA Two groups of the institute are contributing to ATENAA: The Optical Communications Group inside section Digital Networks and the Antenna Group of section Navigation.
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ASSIST (COST IC0603)

Antennen sind wesentliche Bestandteile aller terrestrischen sowie luft- und raumfahrtbasierten drahtlosen Multimedia-, Kommunikations- und Sensorsysteme. Die neuen Technologien der Informationsgesellschaft treiben die Weiterentwicklung der Funktionalität der Antennen voran. Neben dem anhaltenden Forschungs- und Innovationsbedarf auf traditionellen Antennengebieten müssen neue, unvorhergesehene Probleme und Herausforderungen gemeistert werden.

ATM-SAT - Based Multimedia Communication via LEO-Satellites

Future low earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks for multimedia will be seamlessly integrated into the environment of terrestrial broadband networks which use the Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM as transmission and switching protocol for multimedia information. Therefore, the satellite networks have to adopt the ATM transmission scheme and implement ATM switches on-board the satellites.

BaSE

The BaSE (Bavarian security receiver) project is a response of Bavarian companies to the interest arising toward the Public Regulated Service (PRS) of coming Galileo. The technological objective of BaSE project is to develop a flexible and scalable high-performance Galileo PRS prototype receiver. The receiver will feature robust acquisition and tracking of the PRS signals, an effective suppression of jamming and interference by using an adaptive antenna array with digital beamforming, a robust PVT solution (Position-Velocity-Time) with multi-frequency RAIM (Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) as well as a spoofing detection with the help of estimated directions of arrival of the PRS signals.

BATS

BATS addressed the integrated delivery of BroadBand (BB) future Internet services for European coverage according to the EC Digital Agenda objective to reliably deliver >30Mbps to 100% of European households by 2020. In order to accommodate the ‘unserved’ and ‘underserved’ areas of Europe, an ultra-high speed satellite system has been researched that provided order of magnitude cost/bit reductions and solutions to existing market barriers of bandwidth and latency limitations. The project was built on Terabit/s satellite studies conducted by European Space Agency and extended them into an overall network and service delivery concept. A novel architecture has been proposed which combines satellite and terrestrial service delivery via an Intelligent User Gateway (IUG), dynamically routing each traffic flow according to its service needs through the most appropriate delivery mechanism to optimize the Quality of Experience (QoE). The integration complied with emerging home network environment standards and provided resilience and reliability of service provision to the users by bonding diverse access networks. To cope with such scenario, BATS also provided a unified network management framework.

BaySEF/BayPAF
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Beam Hopping Techniques for Multibeam Satellite Systems

Multi-beam satellite systems at Ka Band can provide broadband high capacity access to interactive multimedia services with a good compromise between complexity and cost. It is also well known that the traffic profile tends to be asymmetric from the user point of view, with dynamic behaviour increasing daily and higher levels of QoS being demanded.

	B-VHF - future broadband VHF Air transport has been identified as a dominant factor for sustainable economic growth of the European Union. The "Vision 2020" clearly points out the cornerstones of a future air transport system as recommended by the Advisory Council for ATM Research in Europe (ACARE).
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BETA - Operational Benefit Evaluation by Testing an A-SMGCS

To manage and to optimise the still growing air traffic the ATM system in Europe has to be improved by harmonisation and installation of new technologies together with the adequate operational procedures. The increasing problems in air traffic (delays, high environmental impact, capacity bottlenecks, etc.) lead to very large costs that are ultimately borne by the individual passenger and the European community as a whole.

BRASIL - interactive applications via satellite broadcasting techniques in Latin America

BRASIL is a Specific Support Action where the main objectives are focused on important aspects of interactive applications via satellite broadcasting techniques in Latin America, with specific focus on Brazil. BRASIL has a large focus on bridging the digital divide through and satellites will play a key role in meeting this objective.

CITE - Coherent Inter-island Transmission Experiments

An optical free-space communication link will be established between the two Canarian islands Tenerife and La Palma (150km) in October 2005 in order to verify the operability of the DLR Laser Communications Terminal (DLR-LCT), which is developed by Tesat Spacecom. The DLR-LCT is planned to be launched on the earth observation satellite TerraSAR-X in 2006.

COLT - Coding for Laserlinks through the Atmosphere

Laser communication through the atmosphere is impaired by turbulences in the atmosphere. This effect, known as scintillation, causes fades in the received power and outages in the laser communication for several milliseconds. Due to the high data rate in the order of 1 Gbit/s and beyond, bit error bursts of 1 Mbit and more can be observed. To compensate for this effect, DLR developed a packet level coding scheme, whose code words are longer than such error bursts and thus able to correct the long error bursts in the best possible way without the need of an interleaver. The objective of the project COLT is to design, implement and demonstrate a FPGA based packet level coder and decoder for data rates of about 1 Gbit/s.

COST 272 - Packet-Oriented Service Delivery Via Satellite

The main objective of the COST 272 Action was to contribute to the identification of key requirements, analysis, performance comparison, architectural design and protocol specification of future packet-oriented satellite communication systems, with a clear focus on Internet-type system concepts, applications and protocols/techniques on the various layers.

COST 280 Propagation Impairment Mitigation for Millimetre Wave Radio Systems
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	COST 284 Innovative Antennen für sich entwickelnde terrestrische und weltraumgestützte Anwendungen
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	COST 289 The main objective of this Action is to increase the capacity of communication systems within a specified transmission bandwidth with minimum available transmitter power, bearing in mind the cost effectiveness and the practical implementability of the system.
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CPW-TEC - Climatology of planetary waves in TEC

Ziel des Programms ist ein besseres Verständnis des Einflusses der Sonne auf die Erdatmosphäre auf einer breiten Zeitskala von Stunden bis Jahrhunderten. Im Vordergrund stehen Fragestellungen zum solar-terrestrischen System als Ganzes. Die Sonne modifiziert die Atmosphäre durch die Absorption von Strahlung und Teilchen, durch die Erzeugung und Veränderung von photochemisch relevanten Spurengasen sowie durch die Anregung von Wellen.

	DAIDALOS Mobilität wurde zum zentralen Aspekt in wesentlichen Lebensbereichen europäischer Bürger. Die raschen technologischen und gesellschaftlichen Veränderungen als Folge der stürmischen Entwicklung neuer Dienste hat eine komplexe Umgebung für Netzwerkbetreiber sowie eine verwirrende Situation für den Endverbraucher geschaffen.
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	DAIDALOS II The Daidalos vision is to seamlessly integrate heterogeneous network technologies that allow network operators and service providers to offer new and profitable services, giving users access to a wide range of personalised voice, data, and multimedia services.
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DENISE

The DENISE project aims at designing and demonstrating, both via laboratory tests and field trials using W2A satellite, a suitable S-band interactive system capable of efficiently using the available bandwidth (15 MHz in both uplink and downlink for each of the two licensed European S-band operators) to provide:
• Interactive mobile broadcast services enhancing the DVB-SH offer,
• Messaging services for handhelds and vehicular terminals, capable of serving millions of terminals thanks to a novel optimised air-interface in the RTN link,
• Real-time emergency services such as voice and file transfer, mainly addressing institutional users on-the-move such as fire brigades, civil protections, etc.

Dependable Navigation

Reliable and ubiquitous positioning and navigation is of central importance for many applications in economy, mass market, and sovereign tasks. With the ongoing development of EGNOS and Galileo, Europe makes a significant contribution to the global provision of navigation infrastructures and will create first prerequisites for a wide spectrum of new positioning, navigation and time services.

	DLR@Uni Seit Januar 2012 erhält das Institut KN über Munich Aerospace eine Förderung im Rahmen der Helmholtz-Allianz DLR@Uni. Ziel dieser Allianz ist der Aufbau und Ausbau von Forschungsnetzwerken zwischen den DLR-Instituten und den regional ansässigen Universitäten sowie die Intensivierung der Doktorandenausbildung in strukturierten Programmen.
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	DOCOMAS As optical communication in space is rapidly progressing and more and more in flight validation of the technology in LEO and GEO (SILEX, LCT) and even from the Moon (LADEE) is accumulated the current study is focusing on the deep space communication architecture for an optical downlink from a deep space probe directly to Earth. The emphasis hereby is particularly on the ground segment.
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DODfast (Demonstration of Optical Data link fast)

The institute was responsible for the communications link design, experiment design and optimization of the ground station. The DLR spin-off Vialight Communications GmbH built the airborne terminal. New opto-mechanical tracking systems were developed and applied on flight and ground segment for link acquisition and stabilization. The flight tests were carried out at the end of November 2013 near the Airbus Defence & Space location in Manching, Germany. The campaign successfully demonstrated the maturity and readiness of laser communication for aircraft downlinks at a data rate of 1.25 Gbit/s. Performance could be measured at aircraft speeds up to Mach 0.7 and video data from an onboard camera was transmitted. Tracking accuracies of up to 20 rad rms for the airborne terminal and the ground station were achieved at instantaneous tracking errors below 60 rad and 40 rad, respectively. The tracking link worked up to a horizontal distance of 79 km and data transmission was possible up to 50 km. The experiment shows the maturity of aeronautical laser communications in a very challenging environment. Future aircraft may be equipped with that technology for the sake of passenger connectivity and payload data transmission, for example. With this optical data link, high resolution images recorded by a camera during surveillance flights are transmitted to the Transportable Optical Ground Station (TOGS) of the German Aerospace Center (DLR).

	DRIVAR Within DRIVAR, the processes responsible for the ionospheric delay due to solar EUV variations will be investigated in detail through comprehensive data analyses and modelling.
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DVB-RCS Next Generation Support and Verification Testbed

The aim of the project is to validate the recently standardised 2nd generation of DVB-RCS within ETSI, with particular attention on the implementation of lower and higher layers (LL, HL). To this end, the major output of the project will be the implementation of a testbed reproducing main functionalities of DVB-S2 and DVB-RCS2, thus serving as baseline for development of future hub and satellite terminals.

DVB-S2 Satellite Experiment Transmission experiments to validate and optimize DVB-S2 satellite links
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e-HIMALAYA

The e-HIMALAYA (extended-HIgh performance MAss market GNSS receiver muLti stAndard readY for mArket) project aims at prototyping innovative GNSS-based core technologies and concepts, with the objective to build key Galileo differentiators in a multi-GNSS hybridized receiver. Several markets are addressed with the main weight put on Mass-Market and transport, which represents the main Galileo receiver market.

EECNS - Essential and Efficient Communication Navigation and Surveillance Integrated System

Communications, Navigation and Surveillance (CNS) systems provide the invisible and often unappreciated infrastructure which is essential for Air Traffic Management. CNS enables efficient navigation and safe separation in all phases of flight. The SESAR Concept of Operations aims to dramatically increase the exchange of information between airspace users, air traffic control and flow management. This is expected to improve the quality of service to the travelling public, whilst reducing cost and environmental impact. Although current CNS systems are mature and generally providing a good service, they have not yet fully transitioned from analog to digital technologies. Such a shift is needed to meet the challenges of the coming years; to accommodate higher levels of traffic and improve operational efficiency. Many CNS technologies have been developed in a modular fashion. As a result a transition to network thinking is needed to overcome the inefficiencies of fragmented services whilst supporting local needs. Building on the experience of SESAR1, the EECNS will develop an integrated suite of CNS solutions to meet the operational requirements of the ATM system in the short, medium and long term, with technologies that are consistent with the European ATM Master Plan and the ICAO Global Air Navigation Plan.

	EGNOS V3 EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service) V3 definition phase (phase A activity) encompasses challenging and ambitious objectives paving the way for Europe to play a leading role in global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) for the post 2020 period.
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	EGNOS V3 Phase Ax+B Focusing on safety-of-live applications, the European geostationary navigation overlay system (EGNOS) offers augmentation service for the satellite navigation system GPS and in a next step for the future system Galileo.
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	EMMA 2 The aim of the EMMA project is maturing and validating the A-SMGCS concept as an integrated air-ground system seamlessly embedded in the overall ATM system. EMMA 2 focuses on advanced onboard guidance support to pilots and planning support to controllers.
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EMS

The subproject “Systems for traffic routing and safety” is part of the joint project “R&D and Real Time Services for maritime Safety and Security” (FEMS/EMS) initiated by the DLR to bunch the institutional forces and to achieve an interdisciplinary completion of research and development activities in both topics. Safety in the maritime system stands for an incident and accident free operation of within taken place transport and production processes to ensure the protection of life, goods, and the marine habitat.

Systems for maritime traffic routing and safety”

Background: The subproject “Systems for maritime traffic routing and safety” is part of the joint project “R&D and Real Time Services for maritime Safety and Security” (FEMS/EMS) initiated by the DLR to bunch the institutional forces and to achieve an interdisciplinary completion of research and development activities in both topics (Safety and Security). Safety in the maritime system stands for an incident and accident free operation of within taken place transport and production processes to ensure the protection of life, goods, and the marine habitat. The implementation of security measures into the maritime system is driven by the necessity, to prevent transport and production facilities from destruction (vandalism, terrorism) and to avoid their misuse (piracy, bootlegging).

Real Time Services for Maritime Safety and Security 2 (EMS 2)

The project EMS 2 is a part of the joint project “R&D and Real Time Services for maritime Safety and Security”. The project is embedded into the bunch the institutional forces and interdisciplinary completion of research and development activities of the DLR within the maritime domain. The sub-project „Terrestrial and space-based maritime Navigation and Communication“ of the Institute of Communications and Navigation is following the aim to investigate the reliability and protection of navigation and communication systems and to develop new and robust algorithms and techniques to improve it.

EMSec - Echtzeitdienste für die Maritime Sicherheit - Security

Im Projekt EMSec sollen Informationen und Lagebilder aus verschiedenen Quellen wie Satelliten und Flugdiensten für die behördlichen Endnutzer verständlich und je nach Anforderung flexibel dargestellt und schneller verfügbar gemacht werden. Dafür wurde ein Lagetisch entwickelt, der Informationen aus verschiedenen Quellen bündelt und gemeinsam in Echtzeit darstellt. Der Schwerpunkt der Arbeiten des Instituts lag auf dem Schutz maritimer Navigationssysteme vor Störungen und Missbrauch, insbesondere der Entwicklung von Methoden zur Erhöhung der Störrobustheit des PNT-Systems und zur Identifikation, Lokalisierung und Klassifizierung von Stör- und Täuscherquellen.

	e-Triage In this project DLR-KN developed a robust self-synchronising database system which is able to handle intermittent network connectivity and varying link qualities. Key objective was to replicate and synchronise all data among all devices. I.e. all involved hand-held devices and (semi-)stationary network nodes shall have the same data.
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	ETRI The cooperative research with ETRI deals with the investigation of the technical issues and their solutions of the DVB-S2 and DVB-RCS standards towards its use in broadband mobile applications, specifically for broadband to trains.
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ESA M2M

The purpose of the activity is to study, develop and validate key technologies for a baseband modem prototype for an M2M/SCADA terminal for star network applications, particularly focusing on fixed assets applications, and exploiting the full capabilities offered by DVB-RCS2 specifications. The task will be accomplished by building a demonstrator implementing a complete end-to-end system, including a realistic channel emulator. The project is split in two phases: Phase 1 will be focused on system scenarios and cost analysis, to determine the advantages of the proposed solution; Phase 2 the demonstrator will be designed developed and tested in laboratory environment.

	ESA NGW Next Generation Waveform for Improved Spectral Efficiency The goal of this activity is to design enhanced waveforms to be used by the forward and return links of next generation broadband and narrowband satellite networks, together with the associated estimates in terms of system performance improvements and high level complexity.
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ESC-IW - Definition and Development of the Expert Service Centre Ionospheric Weather

Within the Space Situation Awareness (SSA) programme, ESA is currently developing a Space Weather (SWE) Network consisting of five Expert Service Centres (ESC), the SSA SWE Coordination Centre (SSCC) and the SWE Data Centre. The Expert Service Centre Ionospheric Weather (I-ESC) will be coordinated by DLR. The mission of the I-ESC is to provide and develop the functionalities, capabilities and expertise in the domain of the ionosphere and upper atmosphere weather that are needed within the ESA SSA SWE Network to achieve as a collaborative enterprise its mission of demonstrating and assessing the influences of Space Weather and informing and supporting end-users through the provision of accurate, reliable and timely products and (pre-) operational services, tailored to their requirements.

	ESW Phase II The objectives to this ESA Artes 3 funded project with Alenia Spazio prime contractor and DLR partner were the development of the ESW communication system (ground and space segment) and the set-up of the ESW system as a prototype.
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ETSI BSM Emulator

The project provides a basis for the study and the design of an Emulator for an ETSI BSM-Compliant SI-SAP Interface. The work will be based on an existing simulator of Satellite Dependent layers (DVB-RCS/S2), available at DLR; the partners will implement the required modifications in it, and will develop new modules, in order to enable the real-time emulation of a DVB-RCS/S2 network with an SI-SAP-compliant access interface. It will be possible to use the emulator with real computers and real software applications (web browsers, VoIP clients, etc…).

ETSI - Earthquake/Tsunami Signatures in the Ionosphere Das Projekt soll in erster Linie ergründen, inwieweit die mit Hilfe von GPS-Signalen messbaren Erdbeben- und Tsunami- Signaturen in der Ionosphäre dazu beitragen können, vorhandene, bzw. im Aufbau befindliche Tsunami- Frühwarnsysteme zu ergänzen um deren Zuverlässigkeit zu erhöhen.
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	Externe SI-SAP (“Erstellungen der Spezifikation Broadband Satellite Multimedia SI-SAP als externe Schnittstelle”) The project provides a basis for the study and the design of the SI-SAP interface, conceived as an external interface between Satellite Independent (SI) and Satellite Dependent (SD) layers implemented in different nodes.
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	FAS - Fahrerassistenzsystem Ziel des Projekts Fahrerassistenzsystem (FAS) ist, individuelle und gruppenspezifische Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten zur Verkehrsteilnahme u. a. auf der Basis von Fahrzeug-zu-Fahrzeug Kommunikation zu erarbeiten und prototypisch zu realisieren.
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FEC4Space

The project is dealing with the design and with an approach to a standardisation of new forward error correction codes for optical near-earth and deep-space data links as well as for RF deep-space data links. The new forward error correction mechanisms, which are based on LDPC codes, promise both an enhanced error correction capability and low complexity. This improved performance enables higher data rates or alternatively a saving of transmitter power with comparably low effort. Especially for space communication saving of transmitter power is a very important aspect, because this influences positively the design of the whole spacecraft or satellite (e.g. smaller solar panels, less volume and mass, smaller RF amplifiers, smaller radiators for cooling).

	Fifth Fast Internet for Fast Train Hosts
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	Flexiguide The project flexiGuide picks up the main concept ideas from the earlier FAGI project and takes their development a step farther: Trajectory-based arrival management, user preferred trajectories, mixed traffic with different equipage, late merging point on final approaches, individual optimized flight profiles, and time based arrival management.
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F-SIM

The purpose of this activity is primarily to provide full specifications to terminal manufacturers for the development of an “IST” (Interactive Satellite Terminal) compatible with the “EIBS” (Eutelsat Interactive Broadcast System). In particular this activity focuses on the link layer ( i.e. all above the PHY layer and up to the provision of IP connectivity) for the return link based on suitable adaptation of ETSI TS 102 721 (S-MIM).

GALANT

Future navigation services provided by upcoming satellite systems like Galileo will require corresponding improvements of the receiving systems. Particularly, interference and multipath signals may cause a significant degradation of the performance and thus make it impossible, to obtain exact and reliable positioning data. These restrictions and uncertainties cannot be tolerated for Safety-of-Life (SoL) applications e.g. in aeronautics and shipping. In order to overcome this problem, adaptively steered antenna arrays are employed, which enable the use of new beamforming and signal processing algorithms. They provide a more exact and reliable navigation solution, by suppressing interferences and multipath signals and improving the reception of the information signal from the direction of the satellite.

GalileoADAP
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GalileoNAV
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Galileo SEIOT

The acronym Galileo SEIOT is standing for Galileo IOV Signal characterisation and Extended In-Orbit Tests. End of 2011 the first Galileo IOV satellites shall be launched. A further launch is planed to begin of 2012. The Galileo IOV satellites will be the first satellites in the Galileo program which synchronously transmit the operational Galileo signals in all three frequency bands. Aim of the project Galileo-SEIOT is the analysis of Galileo IOV satellites in terms of detailed signal characterization and Extended In-Orbit-Tests.

	GATE GATE is a navigation system which transmits Galileo signals with the help of ground based transmitters located on the mountains around Berchtesgaden.
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	GATE-GTF Between 2002 and 2010 a German industry consortium under the leadership of IFEN GmbH (Poing near Munich) a ground based flexible German Galileo Test Environment (GATE) was developed in the south of Germany.
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GeReLEO

Low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites require both data links for telemetry, tracking and command (TT&C) and for download of mission data (e.g., Earth observation). A single ground station can maintain a contact to a passing LEO satellite for relatively short time only (typically ~10 min), and together with high-resolution sensor systems onboard the satellites producing high amounts of data this leads to a serious bottleneck. In fact, depending on the actual orbit parameters (altitude and inclination) the long-term average visibility as seen from one ground station is only 1% to 6% of the overall orbit time.

GeReLEO-MODULOS

Die bodengebundene direkte Übertragung von Steuerbefehlen zu und Telemetrie-/Sensordaten von niedrigfliegenden (LEO) Satelliten oder Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) schränkt die Kontaktzeiten bzw. den Aktionsradius dieser Systeme erheblich ein. Für einen geostationären Relaissatelliten hingegen ist knapp die halbe Erde sichtbar. Mit einer einzigen, eventuell durch Redundanz gesicherten, Bodenstation sind über das Datenrelais erheblich längere Kontaktzeiten zu einer ganzen Flotte von LEOs oder UASs möglich. Im Rahmen des GeReLEO-MODULOS Projekts wurden vom DLR-Institut für Kommunikation und Navigation die hierfür benötigten Protokollschichten zur Realisierung der kanaladaptiven Ka-Band-Übertragungs- und Zugriffsverfahren (Data Link Layer, Media Access Control, Ressourcenmanagement etc.) entwickelt. Beiträge der Projektpartner waren der Bau des Engineering Model (EM) eines LEO-Satellitenmodems sowie der Bodenstationsmodems.

	GITEWS The German conception of the establishment of a Tsunami Early Warning System for the Indian Ocean.
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	GLOVE Galileo Integrated Optimization with VANET Enhancements (GLOVE) is a technological STREP project which investigates the mutual benefits coming from the cross-domain integration between the Galileo/EGNOS Global Navigation Satellite System and Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks.
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	GEM - Galileo Mission Implementation Das Projekt GEM soll die Entwicklung und Nutzung des europäischen Satelliten-Navigationssystems Galileo unterstützen. Darin sind verschiedene Aufgabengebiete zusammengefasst, zu denen auch die Zertifizierungsmöglichkeit von Galileo gehört.
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	Great The GREAT project develops technologies for Galileo mass market receivers. These Technologies are to be implemented in mobile terminals – i.e. in cell phones of today’s and future generations – and shall allow the reception of the Galileo signal even under bad conditions.
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GUIDE - Ground Based Augmentation System

In the project „GBAS Guided Departures“ (GUIDE) the extension of the Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS) from a landing system to a navigation system also supporting guided precision departures is studied. On the technological side, the GBAS service will be extended from augmenting only the US GPS constellation to supporting multiple constellations and two navigation frequencies. On the operational side, the necessary procedures and interfaces are developed in order to reduce operational restrictions while maintaining the extremely high level of safety. This enhances existing GBAS to a highly flexible navigation system for fuel and noise optimized operations at and near an airport. It supports the institute’s mission “Safe and Efficient Traffic”.

HETEREX

In the research project HETEREX, the Institute for Communication and Navigation is involved in work package 2 "Communcation, Navigation and Surveillance". HETEREX is funded by the Federal Ministry of Economic s, call LuFo IV . To support industry partners DLR researches novel algorithms in the field of ground-based augmentation systems (GBAS) for guiding aircraft on final approach using satellite navigation.

Heywow

Heywow besteht aus einem neuartigen System, das mobile |Multimediakommunikationsdienste für Menschen unterwegs anbietet, z.B. Reisende, Touristen und gewerbliche Nutzer. Das Ziel unserer Arbeit ist die Entwicklung der technischen Plattform und deren Demonstration in geeigneten Umgebungen. Wir sorgen dafür, dass unsere Endteilnehmer einen zuverlässigen und preiswerten Zugang zu den Diensten bekommen, und dass die Inhalte sachbezogen und der aktuellen Lage angepasst sind. Heywow verwendet verschiedene drahtlose Technologien wie GSM/GPRS/UMTS, Bluetooth, WLAN, und GPS. Zur Zeit gibt es eine Heywow-Demonstration mit Schwerpunkt Stadtführung in der Stadt Landsberg

High Throughput Decoders (Direct to Home System Demonstrator for High Throughput Multimedia Applications)

In the framework of the ESA project “Direct to Home System Demonstrator for High Throughput Multimedia Applications” - ITT6613, DLR Institute of Communications and Navigation is investigating the design of new forward error correction schemes to extend the capabilities of DVB-S2 towards lower signal-to-noise ratios and high-throughput decoder implementations. Investigations are carried out in the directions of long forward error correction codes with lower decoding complexity, and of PL Header codes able to work at extremely-low signal-to-noise ratios. In the Figure, a new code with block length 4 times smaller than the one used by DVB-S2 is compared with the DVB-S2 LDPC code, showing how a performance close to that on DVB-S2 can be achieved with much shorter codes. The design shall facilitate the development of high-throughput satellite broadcasting solutions with high service availabilities.

	HIGHTS HIGHTS was a Europe-based research project supported by European Union under the funding scheme "Horizon 2020". Our theme was "Smart, Green and Integrated Transport" and our focus area was cooperative ITS (C-ITS). The goal of the HIGHTS project was to achieve high precision positioning system with the accuracy of 25 cm.
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HIPERON-T - High Performance Optical Network Transceiver for stratospheric data highways

Free space optical (FSO) communications are a promising alternative for bandwidth hungry applications. FSO applications include bridges between base stations of a cellular network, integration of multi-site networks and as a high speed/capacity back up alternative link for sudden and unexpected events. Moreover, FSO systems offer a tap-free communication channel, a rapid deployment with no need for costly interventions and a license free spectrum.

ICARUS

Im ICARUS Projekt werden globale Migrationsbewegungen von Kleintieren, beispielsweise von Vögeln, durch ein Satellitensystem erfasst. Dabei wird eine Gruppe von Tieren temporär mit kleinen Sende-/Empfangseinheiten ausgestattet. Die aufgezeichneten Daten über Tierbewegungen sind nicht nur für Biologen interessant, sondern vor allem auch für Mediziner, welche die Ausbreitung von Krankheitserreger voraussagen und rechtzeitig Gegenmaßnahmen einleiten können. Im Rahmen des Projekts ICARUS werden am Institut für Kommunikation und Navigation spezielle Kanalcodes für die Sende/Empfangseinheiten entworfen.

ICONAV

Main goal of the project ICONAV was development and implementation of an industrial LDACS hardware demonstrator for lab testing. DLR together with the project partners Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG, iAd GmbH, BPS GmbH, and the University of Passau optimized and supplemented the existing LDACS specification with respect to performance and industry requirements. In addition, a first data security concept and the extension of the communications system LDACS towards navigation have been developed. With that, a successful transfer of the LDACS research results to industry has been achieved.

IFDMA SatCom - Interleaved Frequency-Division Multiple-Access

In dieser Studie wird die Eignung von IFDMA für die Satellitenkommunikation untersucht. Dabei wird sowohl die Übertragungsstrecke Satellit/Erde als auch die Übertragungsstrecke Satellit/Flugzeug betrachtet. Gegenüber OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing) basierten Systemen hat IFDMA den Vorteil der konstanten Einhüllenden. Dadurch wirken sich nichtlinearen Sendeverstärkern – wie sie gerade in der Satellitenkommunikation vorkommen – bei IFDMA weniger stark aus. IFDMA ist eine neue Vielfachzugriffsmethode, die zusammen mit der TU Darmstadt am Institut entwickelt worden ist.

Ionosphere Monitoring and Prediction Center (IMPC)

The performance of radio systems used in space based communication, navigation and remote sensing is affected by the ionospheric variability. Moreover, ionospheric disturbances caused by space weather effects may degrade the accuracy, reliability and availability of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), such as GPS and the future civilian European system Galileo. The Ionosphere Monitoring and Prediction Center (IMPC) of DLR provides a near real-time information and data service on the current state of the ionosphere, related forecasts and warnings.

INSAG - Innovative Nutzung von Satellitennavigation und Geländeinformationen

INSAG (Innovative Nutzung von Satellitennavigation und Geländeinformationen) ist ein durch das Bayrische Raumfahrtförderprogramm unterstütztes Verbundprojekt unter der Leitung der RUAG AG. Im Teilprojekt "Satellitengestützte autarke Landung" trägt das DLR mit Verfahren zur zuverlässigen Bestimmung der Flugzeugposition auf Basis von Galileo -und GPS-Messungen und Daten aus dem Radarhöhenmesser bei.

Internet to Trains

The first part of the study shall produce comprehensive review of the potential European market and the state-of-art technology with an associated technology 'road-map' identifying the key technologies to be developed and which are crucial for the future systems on this area. The second part of the study shall address the regulatory status from telecommunications and railways environment point of view.

IPAS -Installed Performance of Antennas on AeroStructures

Der Zweck des IPAS-Projektes ist, Design und Evaluierungsmöglichkeiten für die Installation von Antennen auf Flugzeugen zu verbessern. Dies wird durch die Verbesserung der Leistungs- und Funktionsfähigkeiten, durch das Überbrücken von Frequenzlücke zwischen genauen und asymptotischen Berechnungsverfahren und durch den Vergleich von numerischen Simulationen mit Messungen realisiert werden.

	IRIS - Satellite Communication for Air Traffic Management The main objective of the project is to provide technical support ESA during the current Phase A of the Iris programme.
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	J-Ortigia The J-Ortigia project aims to investigate and to demonstrate technologies allowing multimedia broadcasting through hybrid satellite/terrestrial networks in S-band. The project is strongly related to the current standardization of DVB-SH (digital video broadcasting in S-band to handheld terminals), which gathers several inputs from both the Ortigia and the J-Ortigia experience.
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KASYMOSA

Objectives of the project were the investigation, development, and validation of novel technologies and algorithms for mobile satellite communications in Ka-band. Target scenario was the emergency communication with a limited number of terminals. Tasks of the DLR Institute of Communications and Navigation were the development and reference implementation of a suitable Layer 2 protocol including novel algorithms for cross layer resource management. Core idea was a distributed resource management without a central hub station. Furthermore, the institute participated in the design and implementation of a suitable Satcom Network Evaluator.

	KIODO - KIrari’s Optical Downlink to Oberpfaffenhofen The project KIODO refers to a series of laser links between a DLR ground station and the Japanese satellite OICETS. KIODO represents the first optical downlink from a LEO satellite to a European station. In addition to data transmission, measurements of atmospheric effects on the laser beam have been carried out.
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KOMPASSION - Compact Adaptive Terminal Antenna for Interference-free Satellite Navigation

A receiver system for navigation signals was built, which demonstrates the concepts, technologies and evaluation methods for the realization of compact array antennas as well as the applicability of corresponding algorithms for digital beamforming and suppression of interferers. The work of the KN Institute included the development of a compact adaptive antenna array with small footprint and the further development and implementation of algorithms for direction-of-arrival estimation of wanted and interfering signals as well as for efficient suppression of interferers and multipath propagation.

KOSERNA - Compact Satellite Receiver Systems for Robust Navigation Applications

Based on the preliminary work in the research project KOMPASSION (Compact adaptive terminal antenna for interference-free satellite navigation), the accuracy of the receiver developed was significantly improved by using a second frequency band (E5a) and both right- and left-circular polarization. Further miniaturization was achieved through the use of production-ready manufacturing processes. In order to extend the interference resistance to deceptive signals, innovative methods of fake-signal suppression were designed and implemented. In addition, the company Antennentechnik Bad Blankenburg GmbH has built up an industrial demonstrator for vehicle applications whose performance has been proven by application-specific tests.

LAESSI

Within the project LAESSI, which is funded by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie, BMWi), efficient navigation assistance functionalities for the inland waterway transport will be developed. The application of these novel functionalities aims at the enhancement of safety and efficiency of inland waterway transport by reducing the risk of collisions. The need for this is indicated by a number of recent accidents involving inland vessels.

LDACS-NAV

To meet the challenges of future Air-Traffic Management (ATM), aeronautical communication and navigation technologies are currently modernized. In communications, the air-ground communications standard LDACS (L-band Digital Aeronautical Communications System) is under development. The main goal of the DLR internal project LDACS-NAV (LDACS Navigation) is to advance the LDACS technology candidate LDACS1 to include navigation functionality. The feasibility of this approach is proved by in-flight measurements.

	LIMES The involvement of the Institute for Communication and Navigation in LIMES is focused in the cluster Humanitarian Relief and Reconstruction. This cluster includes the improvement and extension of the existing services that cover the whole crisis cycle.
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LOCL: Lunar Optical Communications Link

In September 2013, NASA’s Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment (LADEE) spacecraft was launched with the main scope of collecting information about the lunar atmosphere. The spacecraft also hosts the Lunar Laser Communications Demonstration (LLCD), which has successfully demonstrated bidirectional communications based on 1550 nm laser technology and PPM Modulation.

	MAIA - Mobile Alert InformAtion system using satellites The Mobile Alert InformAtion system using satellites (MAIA) project is a Feasibility Study of a Satellite-based Alarm System aiming at ensuring alert and information dissemination in case of emergencies/disaster.
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MEDIS
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MESAF
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MICONAV

The ATM-modernization process carried out by SESAR (Europe) and NextGEN (USA) aims to achieve a highly performant and efficient civil aviation to meet the challenges of future ATM. However, implementing the techniques as developed within SESAR and NextGEN requires a modern and powerful CNS (Communications, Navigation and Surveillance) infrastructure. LDACS (L-band Digital Aeronautical Communications System) is the future terrestrial air-ground data link. For navigation a stronger dependency on GNSS in all phases of flight is planned. This emphasizes the necessity of a GNSS-back-up system known as APNT (Alternative Positioning, Navigation and Timing).

	MINERVAA
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MiReSyS (S-Band Mission Requirements and Preliminary System Specifications Definition)

The involvement of DLR in studies and demonstrations of broadcast services in S-band goes a step beyond with the MiReSys study. The objective of the study is the definition of mission requirements and preliminary system specifications for the S-band mission on W2A, the first satellite over Europe with an S-band payload (and follow-on satellites).

	MITRA - Monitoring & Intervention for the TRAnsportation of dangerous goods Im Projekt MITRA steht die Überwachung von Gefahrgut-Transporten und die Verteilung von Gefahrgut-Daten über Ländergrenzen in Europa hinweg im Vordergrund.
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Mobile Ku-Band Receive-only Terminal

Dieses ESA Artes 5-finanzierte Projekt hat die Entwicklung eines Multimedia-Übertragungssystems zum Ziel, welches auf dem mobilen Empfang von Satelliten im Ku-Band in Fahrzeugen basiert. Dabei soll eine 10cmx10cm Patchantenne und ein dateibezogenes Nachrichtensystem verwendet werden. Der dateibezogene Ansatz ermöglicht dabei ein nach den Wünschen des Benutzers konfigurierbares Radio- und Unterhaltungsprogramm

	ModeNAV For the exploration of unknown and inaccessible terrain, it is common to use unmanned platforms. In this situation it is beneficial to use a swarm system instead of single platforms to achieve higher robustness, range and exploration rate.
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	MONALISA 2.0 The MONALISA2.0 project has delivered an exciting vision and a well-defined concept over how shipping can be turned in to a more efficient, safe and environmentally friendly transport mode through Sea Traffic Management (STM). Finally, the project developed a well-defined route description how to get there - The STM Master Plan
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	MONITOR MONitoring of the Ionosphere by innovative Techniques, coordinated Observations and Resources. The main goal of MONITOR is to design, develop, deploy and operate a system for collection, processing and archiving of ionospheric observation data.
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MOREX – Modular Robotic Exploration System (Communication Part)

The project MOdular Robotic Exploration system (MOREX) is a cooperation between the DLR Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics, the DLR Institute of System Dynamics and Control, the DLR Institute of Communications and Navigation, and DLR Institute of Optical Sensor Systems. The DLR Institute of Communications and Navigation is developing concepts for the communication between a planetary rover, a lander, and the ground station on earth. Both RF and optical communication are considered. The tasks comprise the channel modeling and emulation, the development of suitable transmission concepts and schemes, and performance analysis.

	MTCAS The project MTCAS, funded by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie, BMWi), aims the development of a Maritime Traffic Collision Avoidance System, which shall protect the maritime transport against collisions in a dependable and automated way.
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	MuSIK Multi-Scale Ionosphere Model from Combination of Modern Satellite observation Techniques. The MuSIK project aims at developing methods for imaging the three-dimensional electron distribution of the ionosphere/plasmasphere systems.
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	Maritime traffic engineering The maritime traffic system is an essential basis for the economic development, competitiveness, and prosperity for Germany as well as Europe. The world seaborne trade continued to grow in 2011 with 4% and achieved a total transport volume of goods in the order of 8.7 billion tons.
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NavSim Please change to the German language for detailled information about this topic.
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	NEWCOM
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NEWSKY

The aim of the NEWSKY project is to develop a concept of a global mobile communication network for aeronautical communications. NEWSKY pursues the vision of “Networking the Sky” by integrating a range of data links based on different communication technologies (ground based, satellite-based, aircraft-to-aircraft) as well as different application classes (air-traffic services, airline operational and administrative communication, aeronautical passenger communication) into a single, seamless network.

NEXT - Network Coding Satellite Experiment

The NEXT project aimed to develop and to demonstrate network coding (NC) techniques for satellite interactive communication systems. Three major scenarios were taken into account: network coding for a bidirectional communication between two satellite terminals to save bandwidth in the downlink/forward link, multiuser detection for two transmitting terminals to save bandwidth in the uplink, and reliable multicast to increase the data throughput in unreliable satellite channels. For these three scenarios algorithms and protocols have been developed and validated by lab-demonstrations. The development was carried in cooperation with the Lehrstuhl für Nachrichtentechnik (LNT) of TUM, and with IQ wireless GmbH, Berlin. The experiments take benefit from state-of-the-art channel coding techniques, and pave the way to future demonstrations with the advanced payload to the H2Sat satellite.

NEXT-OBP-GEOSat - NEXT On-Board Processing Unit für GEOSatelliten

Ziel des Projekts NEXT-OBP-GEOSat („NEXT On-Board Processing Unit für GEOSatelliten“) ist die Entwicklung und Weltraumqualifizierung einer experimentellen Satellitennutzlast, mit der sowohl die Netzcodierung, als auch Experimente zur Mehrteilnehmerdetektion und Reliable Multicast durchgeführt werden können. Ein Mitflug auf dem geostationären Heinrich-Hertz Satelliten wird angestrebt. Die Hardware der On-Board Processing Unit wird vom Projektpartner IQ wireless GmbH in Berlin entwickelt; Algorithmen und Software werden vom Institut für Kommunikation und Navigation beigesteuert. Der Entwicklungsbedarf hierfür ist praktisch eine Neuentwicklung, da die Netzcodierung für ein Übertragungsverfahren entwickelt werden muss, das eine vollständige Demodulation, Decodierung, Recodierung und Remodulation an Bord des Satelliten erlaubt.

NGOBP - Next Generation Regenerative On-Board Processor in Broadband Satellite Systems for Security Applications

The purpose of the activity was to study, develop and validate the OPB functionalities for the next generation of satellite OBP hosted payloads for high speed security applications and institutional purposes. The scope of the activity also includes a comparison between the OBP solution and the conventional transparent system in terms of cost, technical and operational point-of-view to allow for benchmarking. On-board switching was combined with new network coding concepts to save power and bandwidth in the satellite downlink. The activity was accomplished by building a demonstrator implementing a complete end-to- end system.

	NICOLE The NICOLE is an ESA ARTES-1 project whose name stands for Next generation InteraCtive brOadcast mobiLe nEtworks. It deals with the design of the ground and space segment of a satellite network for mobile terminals that should be built in the mid-term, aboutfive years from now.
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NRN - Nahbereichsradarnetzwerk

Im Rahmen des Projekts Nahbereichsradarnetzwerk (NRN) ist in Kooperation mit Industriepartnern ein neuartiges Primärradarsystem entwickelt worden. Das NRN soll die Überwachung des Bodenverkehrs auf Flughäfen unterstützen. In Zusammenarbeit mit der Universität Kaiserslautern und dem Institut für Flugführung in Braunschweig wurde ein erster Prototyp Anfang 1998 fertiggestellt, und in den folgenden Jahren in diversen Feldversuchen auf den internationalen Flughäfen Zürich und Prag auf die Tauglichkeit für den operationellen Einsatz getestet.

OOS - OFDM basierte Overlay-Systeme Die stark eingeschränkte Verfügbarkeit der Ressource Frequenz für Zwecke der drahtlosen Informationsübertragung zwingt zu einer Effizienzsteigerung bei der Nutzung des elektromagnetischen Spektrums, die beispielsweise durch die Koexistenz mehrer Systeme im selben Frequenzband realisiert werden kann.
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	OPeROL - Optimization of Physical Layer Performance in High Data Rate Optical Links The objective of the OPeROL activity is to build a software simulator, based on extensive computer simulations, in order to design and optimize different options for the optical communications physical layer (OPL) of high data rate systems.
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	ORELIA This study will investigate optical technologies and techniques that could, in a reliable manner, enable high-data-rate optical links through the atmosphere. Scenarios of interest are bidirectional feeder links between ground and a GEO satellite.
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	Ortigia Demonstration von satellitengestützten Multimedia Broadcast Lösungen für mobile Terminals, streaming-basiert, über Artemis, S-Band
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PACS - Prototypes for Advanced Access Schemes

After being used in communication systems for decades now, random access systems attract new attention, going far beyond providing a channel access for log-on, or signaling. The new paradigm of machine type of communications, where thousands of terminals sporadically transmit small data packets, raised the attention to the efficiency of the channel access policy. Orthogonal schemes that allow transmitters to communicate without the interference of the others, require communication overhead difficulty justified with huge population and small data packets. Random access is therefore, a suitable candidate to address these scenarios, thanks to its flexibility and simplicity, especially at the user terminal side. Recent enhancements leveraging on proactive replication of packets and interference cancellation has brought to drastic performance improvements compared to the well-known ALOHA and Slotted ALOHA (SA) protocols. After a first screening of the available access schemes suitable for machine type of communications via satellite, the most interesting access policy is selected for a first testbed implementation.

	PERSIST Current trends in the design of pervasive systems have concentrated on the problem of isolated smart spaces (such as smart homes) via a fixed infrastructure. This is likely to lead to the evolution of islands of pervasiveness separated by voids in which there is no support for pervasiveness.
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PHAROS

The PHAROS project was funded under the EU programme FP7-SEC, aimed at designing and implementing an innovative multi-hazard service platform which integrates space-based observation, satellite communications and navigation assets to provide sustainable pre-operational services for a wide variety of users in multi-application domains, such as early detection of risks and emergencies, environmental monitoring, risk and crisis management and population alerting.

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PiLoNav

Precise and integer Localisation and Navigation in Rail and Inlandwater Traffic. Mobility of people and transport of goods are important for a smoothly functioned society. These also significantly affect the quality of living and the competiveness of the economic system. Railway and inland water transportation become more important particularly with regard to current ecological and economical matters.

	PLUTO
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PreDem - Precoding Demonstrator for Broadband System Forward Links

The PreDem project is an ESA ARTES 5.1 project. The motivation of this project is to approach Terabit/s throughput using multiple spot beam high throughput satellite (HTS) systems with new technologies. The challenge is that increasing throughput simply by increasing frequency reuse results in significant intra-system interference for co-channel beams. The solution is to apply joint processing of the signals intended to the different beams at the gateway for interference management. This processing, precoding, ‘reverts’ the impact of the satellite RF channel and interferences.

	PRE-EARTHQUAKES Processing Russian and European EARTH observations for earthQUAKE precursors Studies (PRE-EARTHQUAKES) A large scientific documentation is to-date available about the appearance of anomalous space-time patterns of geophysical parameters measured from days to week before earthquakes occurrence.
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PRIS Please change to the German language for detailled information about this topic.
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	Promote PROMOTE services assist user organizations in the public sector in things such as their monitoring obligations and in their tasks to warn the public for air pollution episodes or enhanced levels of ultraviolet radiation. Currently about 50 such user organisations in 16 European countries have signed a Service Level Agreement with PROMOTE.
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RADIANT

The project "Retrodirective antennas combining digital and analog techniques" (RADIANT) aims at developing new types of retrodirective antenna systems for high-rate satellite communications and high altitude platform (HAP) based safety-of-life communications. In the course of the project, novel antenna system architectures are developed. Their properties are carefully analysed by detailed numerical simulations. These cover the whole signal chain, including antenna, RF front-ends and digital signal processing. The most promising architectures are validated using simplified functional demonstrators.

	REACTOR Aviation safety is of paramount concern to everyone in the aerospace industry. Cockpit workload and specifically pilot workload and situational awareness have been identified as key contributors to aircraft safety. The objective of the REACTOR project is to develop and evaluate a suite of technologies in support of reduced cockpit workload and improved situational awareness.
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	RCAS The German Aerospace Center (DLR) is developing a Railway Collision Avoidance System (RCAS), a 'safety overlay' system which can be deployed on top of any existing safety infrastructure in train networks.
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RCS_NetMAC

A satellite broadband interactive system specification should essentially be composed of two main parts, one referring to the Lower Layers (LL), and a second one focusing on the Higher Layers Satellite (HLS). One such system is defined by DVB-RCS2. This comprises a series of documents produced by the DVB Project’s TM-RCS group in response to requirements delivered by the DVB Commercial Module.

	RCS-NG Testbed The main objective of this activity is to design and develop a software based validation platform implementing and fully validating key functions of the DVB-RCS Next-Generation Standard.
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RHINOS - Railway High Integrity Navigation Overlay System

RHINOS (Railway High Integrity Navigation Overlay System) supports the safety-critical train localization function for train control in emerging regional and global markets. The RHINOS pillar is the GNSS infrastructure realized for the aviation application with additional layers that meet the rail requirements in the difficult railway environments. The Rhinos ambition is a positive step beyond the proliferation of GNSS platforms, mainly tailored for regional applications, to favor a global solution to release the potential benefits of the EGNSS (GALILEO and EGNOS) in the fast growing train signaling world market. The RHINOS work program includes the investigation of candidate concepts for the provision of the high integrity needed to protect the detected position of the train, as required by the train control system application. Moreover local augmentation elements, ARAIM techniques and other sensors on the train are the add-on specific assets for mitigating the hazards due to the environmental effects which dominate the rail application. A further objective of RHINOS is to contribute to the definition of a standard for the Railway High Integrity Navigation Overlay System leveraging on the EU-US Cooperation Agreement on ARAIM.

	RMFMT Entwicklung von Ressourcenmanagement-Algorithmen in DVB-S2/ RCS Multibeam-Systemen mit adaptiver Codierung und Modulation
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	RM-FMT Project for the development of resource management and scheduling algorithms in Multibeam Satellite Systems with adaptive coding and modulation (DVB-S2, DVB-RCS, and advanced DVB-RCS systems)
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ROIMUS

In the forward-link of broadband satellite systems with multiple beams, Co-Channel Interference (CCI) can severely affect simultaneous transmissions at equal frequency to users located in different beams. Eliminating the CCI at the receiver, e.g., by an iterative cancellation approach, strongly increases the receiver complexity and cost. Therefore, much effort has been made to cancel the CCI at the cost-insensitive transmitter side (at the gateway), e.g. by Dirty Paper Coding or Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding.
For the return-link, Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) could be used at the gateway. In this respect novel resource management algorithms have to be designed to better exploit the new characteristics and the improved performance of the physical layer.

	Roll2Rail One major achievement of the ROLL2RAIL project was the evaluation of existing technologies for future wireless train backbone networks. Analysis of the state of the art of wireless communications for railways was performed and gaps identified.
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	SafeTRIP The SafeTRIP project aims to develop an open platform and demonstrate its benefits through a number of complete end-to-end ready-to-deploy services – improving road safety, mobility and environment protection for passenger vehicles. The proposed services are primarily targeted to address the needs of EU citizens travelling by road - i.e. drivers and passengers of cars and coaches.
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	SaMariS The joint research project Satellite Based Maritime Safety (SaMariS) consists of three subprojects, which aim the development of technologies and services for the maritime sector. The overarching goal is the improvement of safety and the increase of efficiency of the maritime transport.
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SAMURAI

SAMURAI (Sensor Array Processing for Multipath and Radio Interference Identification and Suppression). For safety-critical applications based on global satellite navigation systems (GNSS) not only a highly accurate, but also a highly reliable time-delay estimation of the received signal needs to be ensured. Therefore, it is extremely important to develop and explore powerful innovative methods for highly accurate synchronization of navigation receivers, even under difficult reception conditions.

SANDRA - Seamless Aeronautical Networking through integration of Data links Radios and Antennas

The overall air transportation sector is currently under significant stress. With the demand in aircraft operations expected at least to double by the 2025 timeframe, there are well-founded concerns that current air transportation systems will not be able to accommodate this growth. Existing systems are unable to process and provide flight information in real time, and current processes and procedures do not provide the flexibility needed to meet the growing demand.

SANTANA

In diesem Projekt wird der technologische Grundstein für eine voll ausgebaute aktive Terminal-Antenne zur Satellitenkommunikation im Ka-Band gelegt. Dafür sind Terminal-Antennen mit hoher Direktivität, einer schnelle Ausrichtung und Nachführung der Antennenkeule auf den Satelliten erforderlich, die eventuell sogar die Fähigkeit haben, mit mehreren Satelliten gleichzeitig eine Verbindung aufzunehmen.

SatCom4Mar - Satellite Communications in the Future Statutory and Commercial Maritime Communications Market

It is expected that commercial and statutory maritime communications will experience major changes during the next two decades. Within the project SatCom4Mar the current and planned communication system are evaluated. Furthermore, the statutory maritime communications requirements are identified. In a next step demands are derived, followed by the opportunity for satellite systems, services and technologies.

SatNEx

SatNEx is a Network of Experts for satellite communications, coordinated by DLR KN. The first two phases of SatNEx have been funded by the EU from 2004 to 2009. Now ESA is interested in continuing the funding (SatNEx III). DLR KN will further coordinate the network and act as contractor to ESA. A core team consisting of DLR, University Surrey, and University Bologna will coordinate the research activities. Specific research tasks will be contracted to suitable network partners in the frame of annual “Call-off Orders”. The network comprises 17 partners in total.

	SatNEx - Satellite Communications Network of Excellence Das Hauptziel von SatNEx ist es, die Forschung auf dem Gebiet der Satellitenkommunikation in Europa auf lange Zeit zu integrieren, und eine gemeinsame Wissensbasis zu entwickeln, und so zur Verwirklichung eines europäischen Forschungsraumes beizutragen
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SBDist - Secure and low-latency broadband transmission over short distances

The aim of the project SBDist is to develop a reliable and low latency wireless communication and ranging system between train wagons at short distances less than one meter. For this purpose, a single carrier wideband communication system concept is introduced and implemented using software defined radio, and a mmWave frontend is being built to be used for testing and demonstration.

SESAR_SPEC

The Single European Sky Air Traffic Management Research Programme (SESAR) is a European initiative aimed at modernising and harmonising the European Air Traffic Management systems ensuring sustainable, safe and efficient development of air transport through a performance driven approach. The objective of the Special Agreement was to support the Members of SESAR Joint Undertaking with their contribution under the SESAR Programme related to the definition and validation of a multi-constellation multi-frequency GBAS system for precise airplane landing. The work of AT-One consortium (DLR and NLR) under the Special Agreement was focused on academic research in the fields of the utilisation of new GNSS navigation signals in GPS L1/L5 and Galileo E1/E5 bands in GBAS system, analysis of the threats to the nominal system operation occurring because of the signal distortions in ionosphere as well as due to multipath propagation and radio frequency interference. Also the aspects of the optimal multi-frequency multi-constellation signal processing in a navigation receiver of GBAS as well as monitoring of the system performance and integrity have been studied.

SecureSPACE

SecureSpace project is focused on the analysis and the relative risk assessments for different scenarios in which satellite technologies are involved. Different sensitivities of the economy (many activities blocked or impaired by a service disruption in a large area), of the emergency operations which have typically a local based scenario are considered and other potentail impacts (in addition to telecoms and navigation functions) as the loss of time signal (currently vital to modern economy).

siNafa

Ziel des Projekts siNafa ist es, die Navigation auf Hochseeschiffen sicherer zu machen. Hierfür sollen neue Signale und Frequenzen von allen Navigationssatellitensystemen genutzt werden um die Verfügbarkeit und Genauigkeit des GNSS-Empfangs zu erhöhen. Die Verwendung innovativer Gruppenantennen-Technologie ermöglicht es, die GNSS-Navigation vor Störern und Täuschern zu schützen und das Vorhandensein dieser Signale sicher zu erkennen. Mit Hilfe eines neuen GNSS-Systems mit drei Antennen sollen die Bewegungen und Beschleunigen des Schiffes exakt gemessen werden. Alle Komponenten werden in eine moderne IT-Infrastruktur eingebunden und zusammen mit bordautonomen Navigationsgeräten gekoppelt.

sISI - Action for Specific Support to the Integral Satcom Initiative

sISI is a support action (SA) intended to stimulate the participation in future Community ICT research of a large number of actors through facilitating their involvement into the Integral Satcom Initiative (ISI), the Technology Platform for Satellite Communications within FP7. To this purpose, sISI will provide all necessary support to ISI to make it an efficient platform, able to provide plenty of opportunities for all of its participants.

StRout

Within the project StRout, which is funded by the State Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania supported with funds of the European Union, a new method shall be developed to reduce the number of evasion maneuvers carried out by ferries. For that the actual traffic situation should be included into the process of the strategic route planning. The objective is an increased efficiency (lower emission) as well as the reduction of time delays during the passage. The final stage of the project is the experimental development of a prototype, which allows the demonstration of the technological readiness under simulated conditions.

SOCIETIES - Self Orchestrating CommunIty ambiEnT IntelligEnce Spaces

Die Vision von SOCIETIES ist es, ausgehend von isolierten persönlichen Smart Spaces (z. B. intelligente Häuser, oder alle vernetzten persönlichen Computer) integriere "Community Smart Spaces" (CSSs) zu entwickeln. Diese sind eine Weiterentwicklung von Pervasive-Computing Systemen und erlauben es, die Dynamik von Gruppen von Menschen abzubilden. CSSs stellen somit eine Brücke von Pervasive-Computing Systemen zum Social-Computing her und ermöglichen so neue Arten von gemeinsamem Arbeiten und Kommunizieren.

SSA - Space Situational Awareness Im Rahmen des Projekts SSA wird untersucht, wie in einem künftigen Europäischen SSA-System einer hinreichenden Verfügbarkeit von Weltraumwetterinformationen Rechnung getragen werden kann.
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SWACI

The Space Weather Application Center Ionosphere (SWACI) is a pilot research project focused on establishing a space weather center whose services will be related primarily on ionospheric issues. SWACI is a joint project of two DLR institutes - the Institute of Communications and Navigation and the Earth Observation Center (EOC). It is essentially supported by the German State Government of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.

SWIPPA - Space Weather Impact on Precise Positioning Applications by GNSS

Das Projekt SWIPPA ist eine ‘Specific Development Activity’ (SDA) im Rahmen des von der ESA geförderten ‚Space Weather’ – Pilotprojekts. Grundsätzlich soll nach dem Aufbau eines operationellen Dienstes zur Bereitstellung von Weltraumwetterinformationen das Nutzungspotenzial dieser Informationen für spezifische Anwendungen eingeschätzt werden.

TAKOKO - Techniken, Algorithmen und Konzepte für COFDM Systeme zur Koexistenz mit autorisierten Systemen im selben Frequenzband

Das Projekt TAKOKO (Techniken, Algorithmen und Konzepte für COFDM Systeme zur Koexistenz mit autorisierten Systemen im selben Frequenzband) wird durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft im Rahmen des DFG-Schwerpunktsprogramm TakeOFDM (Techniken, Algorithmen und Konzepte für zukünftige COFDM Systeme) gefördert. Ziel des Projekts ist es, auf COFDM basierte „Overlay“-Systeme zu entwickeln und nachzuweisen, dass diese Systeme mit anderen Systemen im gleichen Frequenzband koexistieren können.

TeaM – Technology Development for autonomous Moon missions

Project TeaM is concerned with the development of technologies for autonomous Moon missions with a rover. The project combines competences of different DLR institutes aiming at the development of a planetary exploration system. In particular, the Institute for Communications and Navigation is concerned with the development of suitable RF and optical transmission schemes.

TechTIDE

In the frame of the Horizon 2020 (H2020) call of the European Commission (EC), the project “Warning and Mitigation Technologies for Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances Effects” (TechTIDE) develops a system for the detection and monitoring and alert for Travelling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). TIDs constitute a threat for operational systems using HF or transionospheric radio propagation. TIDs can impose disturbances of an amplitude of 20% of the ambient electron density and a Doppler shift of the level of 0.5Hz. Consequently, the direct and timely identification of TIDs is a clear customer’s requirement for the Space Weather segment of the ESA SSA Programme. The objective of this proposal is to address this need with setting up an operational system for the identification and tracking of TIDs, the estimation of their effects in the bottomside and topside ionosphere and for issuing warnings to the users with estimated parameters of TID characteristics. Based on the information released from this warning system, the users, depending on their applications, will develop mitigation procedures.

	TerraSAR-X LCT-ATM
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THRUST

The project THRUST shows the feasibility of optical communications as key enabling technology in future satellite communication systems for global connectivity. In frame of project THRUST, DLR has proven the technology in worst-case link conditions. The researchers have set the world-record for highest data throughput in free-space optical communications link twice. Moreover, we demonstrated high-fidelity optical coherent communications system performance and shown how the pre-distortion adaptive optics could be employed. DLR will further focus to demonstrate end-to-end performance targeting prototype of future system.

	TOPGAL Total Performance System for GBAS based Automatic Landings. TOPGAL is an internal DLR project which investigates GBAS based navigation in conjunction with flight management and autopilot systems. A socalled Ground Based Augmentation System enables aircraft to use satellite navigation for guidance on a precision approach.
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TRANSMIT

Training Research and Applications Network to Support the Mitigation of Ionospheric Threats. The establishment of an Ionospheric Perturbation Detection and Monitoring (IPDM, http://ipdm.nottingham.ac.uk/) network was proposed and recognised by major European experts as the way forward to deliver the state of the art to protect the range of essential systems vulnerable to ionospheric threats.

UFO – Unmanned Freight Operations

Unmanned aircraft are gaining more and more importance in the aviation sector. Lately, the point of interest in this specific field is increasingly including civil applications, too. One such civil scenario could be the transportation of cargo with Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) or more precisely, Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS). Today however, there are no defined processes for certification of these kinds of aircraft, yet. The same is valid for the operation of UAS or RPAS in airspace as well as on airports, where legal and technical obstacles remain. The goal of the project Unmanned Freight Operations is hence the development and validation of a concept of operations for unmanned cargo planes.

	ULISS - ULtra fast Internet Satellite Switching Modell zur Überprüfung eines ultraschnellen On-Board Prozessors zur Packetvermittlung in vermaschten Netzen.
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UniTaS II - Unterstützungsprogramm industrieller Aktivitäten und Technologietransfer auf dem Gebiet der angewandten Satellitennavigation für die Luftfahrt Entwicklung von Verfahren zur richtungsabhängigen Detektion von Störsignalen beim Empfang von Navigationssignalen
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UniTaS III
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UNITAS IV
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	UTMBeam The goal of this project is to achieve ultra high throughput multi-spot beam satellite networks by identifying and assessing advanced ground segment technologies. The impact of these technologies on system performance is analyzed with a system simulator developed by DLR in the framework of the present project.
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VABENE

Ereignisse, seien es Großveranstaltungen, Großschadenslagen oder Katastrophensituationen, gefährden die Funktionsfähigkeit des Verkehrssystems. Gleichzeitig kommt dem Verkehrssystem während und nach diesen Ereignissen eine wesentliche Rolle zu: Einsatzkräfte nutzen die Verkehrsinfrastruktur, um Transport und Einsatzlogistik zu gewährleisten. Ebenso gilt es, die Mobilität der Bevölkerung so weit wie möglich aufrecht zu erhalten.

VABENE++ - Verkehrsmanagement bei Großereignissen und Katastrophen

Im Projekt VABENE++ werden leistungsfähige Unterstützungswerkzeuge für Behörden und Organisationen mit Sicherheitsaufgaben (BOS) und Verkehrsbehörden für den Umgang mit Katastrophen und Großveranstaltungen entwickelt. Das Ziel ist, sowohl die notwendige Rettungslogistik als auch die umliegenden Verkehrsströme selbst unter extremen Bedingungen effizient zu leiten und somit Einsatzkräfte schnell an ihren Einsatzort zu bringen. Die Forschungsschwerpunkte liegen dabei u.a. in den Bereichen Simulation und großflächige Verkehrsmodellierung, luftgestütztes Verkehrsmonitoring, verkehrliche Risikobewertung, Datenfusion/Datenmanagement sowie der Weiterentwicklung von Webtechnologien im GIS-Umfeld.

	VaMEx VaMEx is a highly innovative approach to developing infrastructure-less navigation technology for autonomous, heterogeneous robotic swarm exploration of the Valles Marineris on Mars the largest canyon system in the solar system and possibly a refuge for extraterrestrial life.
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VaMEx-CoSMiC

The project Valles Marineris Explorer (VaMEx) – Cooperative Swarm Navigation, Mission and Control (CoSMiC) investigates innovative approaches for infrastructure-less navigation and exploration for highly automated heterogeneous robotic swarms exploring Valles Marineris on Mars. Resulting technologies are key enablers to explore the largest valley in our solar system which is possibly a refuge for extraterrestrial life.

	VISTA The main objective of the action is to assist and coordinate the research in the field of integrated and versatile antennas for wireless applications, by bringing together experts from the distinct areas of radio, RF and microwave engineering, as well as related topics such as signal processing or (micro)fabrication techniques.
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	WHERE The main objective of WHERE is to combine wireless communications and navigation for the benefit of future mobile radio systems. The impact will be manifold, such as real time localization knowledge in B3G/4G systems which increase the cellular capacity.
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WINNER - Wireless World Initiative New Radio

Ziel des Projekts ist die Entwicklung eines B3G (beyond 3G) Mobilfunksystems, das Datenraten von 100 Mbps in zellularen Umgebungen bis hin zu 1 Gbps in Hot-Spot-Szenarien, basierend auf einer gemeinsamen neuen Luftschnittstellentechnologie, ermöglicht. Flexible Adaptierbarkeit des Systems an die Nutzeranforderungen ist ein weiterer wichtiger Aspekt für den Systementwurf

	WINNER II
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	WirelessCabin Das Projekt WirelessCabin entwickelt drahtlose Zugangstechnologien für Flugzeugkabinen. Verschiedene Zugangstechnologien innerhalb der Kabine für Passagiere werden untersucht: UMTS für persönliche Telefongespräche und Paketdaten, Bluetooth und W-LAN für IP Zugang.
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	WISECOM The objective of WISECOM is to study, develop, and validate by live trials candidate rapidly deployable lightweight communication infrastructures for emergency conditions. The communication infrastructure is based on terrestrial networks like GSM, UMTS, WiFi, and optionally WiMAX, and on satellite systems like BGAN and DVB-RCS.
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WW-ATM

Optimierungen im Luftverkehr werden häufig nur lokal begrenzt durchgeführt, z.B. im Flughafennahbereich. Jenseits dieser Gebiete findet dann keine Optimierung und auch keine Analyse der Auswirkungen hinsichtlich der Ökoeffizienz statt. Ergebnis ist ein lokaler Effizienzgewinn, dessen globaler positiver Effekt nicht nachgewiesen werden kann. Das Projekt World Wide Air Traffic Management (WW-ATM) schafft eine Simulationsplattform, auf der weltweite Konzepte auf Machbarkeit, Durchsatz, Robustheit bzw. Störanfälligkeit, Kosten- und Ökoeffizienz optimiert und validiert werden können. Mit Hilfe von Bewertungs- und Optimierungstools können Verkehrsszenarien sowohl strategisch als auch taktisch analysiert und verbessert werden.

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OSIRIS - laser communication in space

QKD - with quantum technologies to the secure internet of the future

Kepler - third generation of satellite navigation systems

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